Category: edci339

peer review of crystal’s post

Here is the link to my peer’s post:

https://crystal.opened.ca/revised-post-4/

I think my peer did a good job because she had a correct understanding of the course materials. Also, to support her opinion, she searched for additional articles and cited them in her post. I have the same experience when she talked about the high cost of the textbook. It is true that the textbook is too expensive, many of which are higher than 200 dollars! As a result, many of us choose to buy second-handed books or use e-books. We really should take the economic situation into account when we design a form of learning.

Individual post#4 (revised)

I have made several changes to the previous post:https://junhaolin.opened.ca/individual-post-4/

Firstly, I changed the long direct quotation into short paraphrase. Next, I included the in-text citation as well as the reference list. Then, I included the discussion about how an “open” platform such as Twitter can help with the learning of students. Finally, I searched for another peer-reviewed article  related to the OER-enabled pedagogy in higher education to demonstrate the benefits of this kind of pedagogy in education and discuss its potential as a new kind of pedagogy.

Here is the revised one:

In the final week, I learned about OER-enabled Pedagogy. According to Wiley, OER-enabled pedagogy is the set of teaching and learning practices only possible or practical when you have permission to engage in the 5R activities. 5R refer to retain, reuse, revise, remix and redistribute. In order to be engaged in the 5R activities, the students have to engaged in either building upon previous works done by students or construct a new entity that offers other students permission to transform and adapt it. (Wiley & Hilton 2018) This idea is the opposite of the one I mentioned in post 3- “disposable assignments”. In order to combine constructionism and openness into OER-enabled pedagogy, Wiley put forward a new notion of “renewable assignments”. In this notion, the works and the assignments of students will become the open environment resources which not only can be used by the students who create them, but also benefit the students coming after.

The authors of the article show us several examples of OER-enabled Pedagogy.  In one of the examples,  the students are given extra credit to create tutorials resources such as tutorials videos, chapter summaries and review games for a particular topic. These tutorials then will be evaluated by the teacher, and some of them will be selected to be integrated into the course. Besides, the students who perform well in the course have the chance to be a teaching assistant in the course. The students also create other materials such as guided notes which are proved to be very useful for learning the course. The practice was very successful, the average grades on students assignments rose significantly as more student-created OER were introduced to the course. (Wiley & Hilton  2018) To me, the success of the practice is quite meaningful. It means that a new form of pedagogy was proved to be feasible. This kind of pedagogy greatly improves the engagement of students in designing the course. When I read the previous materials, I remembered a saying that the students should not just learn the knowledge, but they should create the knowledge at the same time. The idea of renewable assignments has made it come true. The students in the course also participated in the creation of the knowledge. Also, research has found that OER-learning benefits both academic staff and students. For academic staff, they regarded OER as useful for improving teaching quality in areas such as providing illustrations, teaching difficult subjects, and supporting student progression. As for students, they thought that OER improved the engagement, provided them with a diversity of materials, and helped them prepare better for the examination. What is more, OER makes it possible for mobile learning. (Nikoi et al 2012) The potential of OER-enabled Pedagogy in the future is great because of the rapid development of the internet. Some online platform such as Twitter gives strong support for this kind of pedagogy.

The “open” platform Twitter is a good example of OER-enabled Pedagogy. The term “open” means that all the people, whether they are in the course or not, can be engaged into the interactions. Last Thursday evening, we participated in a conversation related to open pedagogy in Twitter. The professors put forward several thoughtful questions related to open learning, and many people responded. During the process, people from all over the world can join the conversation and share their ideas, which is impossible for a distributed environment or classroom teaching. The ideas and conversations of the people will be recorded in the platform and are accessible openly for everyone. Those resources can be reused and adapted by other people coming after. Therefore, everyone is not only a learner, but also a producer of the knowledge. This kind of “open” platform can promote the communication and exchange of knowledge and thus help learners and educators.

Reference:

Wiley, D. & Hilton, J. (2018). Defining OER-enabled Pedagogy. International Review of Research in Open                     and Distance Learning, 19(4).

Nikoi, Samuel, and Alejandro Armellini. “The OER Mix in Higher Education: Purpose, Process, Product, and                Policy.” Distance Education, vol. 33, no. 2, Aug. 2012, pp. 165–184. EBSCOhost,                                                              doi:10.1080/01587919.2012.697439.

 

Final Reflection

During the 3 weeks period of learning. I learned about the concept of open pedagogy and its advantages. Besides, I learned about the differences between distributed and open environments.

In the first week of learning, I was firstly introduced to the concept of open learning. At that time, I thought open learning is the same as digital learning. I was confused about some phrases such as “blended environments”.  http://junhaolin.opened.ca/individual-post-1/

In the second week, I finished the readings and worked together with my pod members on our pod project. It was when I had a deeper understanding of distributed and open environments. That was also the first time I applied what I had learned in the course to design a set of teaching method for a specific individual. Although we made a lot of mistakes at the beginning as it was the first time we worked for a project like this, we made a lot of changes according to professor’s advice and turned it into a much better version.

http://junhaolin.opened.ca/individual-post-2/

In the third week, the readings gave me a clearer concept about open pedagogy. I started to realize that open pedagogy is not just about a flexible schedule; it is a learner-centered kind of pedagogy where students can even be engaged in designing the rules of the courses.

http://junhaolin.opened.ca/individual-post-3/

In the final week of the course, I learned about OER-enabled learning and reviewed what I had learned throughout the course. I had some new perspective about open pedagogy and I was impressed by the serval examples of OER-based learning. Rather than using the materials that are all developed by the teachers, OER-based learning makes full use of the works of students and turns the works into new course materials. In this circumstances, students are not only absorbing the knowledge, but also producing the knowledge. I found that idea very cool and maybe I can apply it to my career in the future. Recently, one of my friends who is majored in education invite me to cooperate with her to start a small business. She intended to open some tutorials classes which will apply a whole new way of education. I think I can borrow the ideas from the course to design a new kind of education style.

http://junhaolin.opened.ca/individual-post4-revised/

reflection on TwitterChat

The Twitter chat held in Thursday evening mainly discussed about several questions about open learning. It is happy to see that many people engage in this activity, and some of them are not the students in the course. I think the most significant difference between distributed environments and open environments is that open environments allow us to communicate with a larger scale of people. Those people may not learn the same course with you, but they can still discuss the specific topic with you and put forward some useful ideas.
From the questions discussed, I review the knowledge about open pedagogy. Firstly, the term “open” is related to sharing, which means that you can access the learning resources of others and your ideas can also be viewed by others. The platforms such as WordPress and Twitter are good example of open environments. In open environments, you are not only learning knowledge, but also creating knowledge as your works are published and can be accessed by others. However, one of the questions is talking about the people who are excluded when learning is open, which reveals the drawbacks of open learning. Because some of the students may have difficulty accessing the open website. For example, some of the students may not have a computer. Those students will be excluded from open learning.
All in all, open pedagogy as a new form of pedagogy has shown its strength and potential. In this digital age, open pedagogy gradually becomes a trend of learning in the fut

Individual Post #4

In the final week, I learned about OER-enabled Pedagogy. According to Wiley, OER-enabled pedagogy is the set of teaching and learning practices only possible or practical when you have permission to engage in the 5R activities. 5R refer to retain, reuse, revise, remix and redistribute. In order to be engaged in the 5R activities, the students have to “be consciously engaged in either building upon work previously done by another or to construct a new public entity that explicitly offers other learners permissions to publicly transform and adapt it. When students works are openly licensed, granting other 5R permissions in their use of the artifacts, each work becomes the beginning of an ongoing conversation in which other learners participate as they contextualize and extend the work in support of their own learning.” This idea is the opposite of the one I mentioned in post 3- “disposable assignments”. In order to combine constructionism and openness into OER-enabled pedagogy, Wiley put forward a new notion of “renewable assignments”. In this notion, the works and the assignments of students will become the open environment resources which not only can be used by the students who create them, but also benefit the students coming after.

The authors of the article show us several examples of OER-enabled Pedagogy.  In one of the examples,  the students are given extra credit to create tutorials resources such as tutorials videos, chapter summaries and review games for a particular topic. These tutorials then will be evaluated by the teacher, and some of them will be selected to be integrated into the course. Besides, the students who perform well in the course have the chance to be a teaching assistant in the course. The students also create other materials such as guided notes which are proved to be very useful for learning the course. The practice was very successful, the average grades on students assignments rose significantly as more student-created OER were introduced to the course. To me, the success of the practice is quite meaningful. It means that a new form of pedagogy was proved to be feasible. This kind of pedagogy greatly improves the engagement of students in designing the course. When I read the previous materials, I remembered a saying that the students should not just learn the knowledge, but they should create the knowledge at the same time. The idea of renewable assignments has made it come true. The students in the course also participated in the creation of the knowledge. I will remember OER-enabled Pedagogy and apply it to my teaching if possible.

Individual Post #3

After reading the resources in topic 3, I have a deeper understanding of Open Pedagogy. As is described in “A Guide to Making Open Textbooks with Students”, autonomy and interdependence; freedom and responsibility; democracy and participation are three sets of fundamental values of Open Pedagogy. Open Pedagogy not only enables students to learn freely, but also invites them to participate in the designing of their learning. In the book, the authors mentioned “disposable assignment”, which refers to the assignments done by students during the course and  are discarded when the course is finished. The authors regard it as a waste of knowledge. They suggest that the assignments of students can be saved in a blog they create so that these resources can be accessible to them in the future. This idea is exactly what we are doing in EDCI 335 and 339. We create a blog during the course, and we record what we have learned in the course by publishing posts. Also, our assignments are all posted in the blog, too. These resources may be useful to us in the future and maybe useful to other students.

Furthermore, the students can engage in the development of the courses such as the policies, assignments, outcomes and so on. This idea reflects the essence of Open Pedagogy, which is a learner-centered kind of pedagogy. Under this circumstance, the students can collaborate with teachers to design the course together to meet their needs to the best. This idea shocked me when I was reading the book. It is a totally new kind of course that the authors describe. In the fifteen years of my study, I always followed the syllabus of the course and the instruction of the teachers. I did not know why I had to learn these courses and what I would learn from them. What I needed to do was following the requirements and getting a good grade. In fact, the courses should be adjusted to meet the needs of different students to that they can be more suitable in the process of learning and achieve what they expect.

The idea of “Open” is what I can apply to my work in the course. Each student is an unique individual. We have to consider the situations of a specific student when we design a course for him(or her).  For example, if the person has a job in weekdays, we should deliver the course in weekends; or if the person is an English language learner, we should provide him(or her) with language support.

Individual Post #2

These days, I read the articles and books which are talking about open pedagogy, and I have had a clearer concept about what is open pedagogy and the history of open pedagogy. During the years, the notions of open in relation to education have changed a lot, which, according to research, can be found dating back to the 1960s. In 1960s, Open education in schools appeared as the first kind of open pedagogy. Then,  Distance education & open learning, E-learning & online education, Open access publishing, OER, Open practices and Social media appeared in sequence. In  2010 or so, MOOCs appeared as the newest kind of open pedagogy. (Jordan, K., & Weller, M 2017) I was surprised to learn that the notion of open pedagogy appeared in such an early period. Before, I thought that open pedagogy was the same as digital pedagogy. Now I realize, digital pedagogy is merely one of the form of open pedagogy. In fact, open pedagogy means a kind of pedagogy that gives student much more freedom. Nowadays, the internet develops quickly, enabling the information and knowledge to circulate all over the world online. The information an knowledge online can be easily accessed to everyone. Therefore, the appearance of the internet has greatly support the development of open pedagogy. Firstly, the students can learn the courses online wherever and whenever they want. Also, they can access all kinds of learning resources online through database. Besides, the social media like Twitter improves the communication between people. As a result, digital pedagogy seems to be a production of open pedagogy in the 21st century.

Read Claire Howell Major. (2015). Teaching Online – A Guide to Theory, Research, and Practice. Retrieved from http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uvic/detail.action?docID=3318874 (pp. 88-105)
Read Jordan, K., & Weller, M. (2017). Jordan, K. & Weller, M. (2017) Openness and Education: A beginners’ guide. Global OER Graduate Network.

Individual Post #1

In recent years, digital pedagogy has been more and more popular. In my opinion, digital pedagogy refers to any kinds of learning online. For example, many famous universities in the world have opened massive open online courses(MOOC) which are accessible for everyone online. This kind of courses are convenient for students to take because you can take the courses whenever you want. Also, MOOC has improved the communication between universities and the circulation of knowledge. Apart from that, there are all kinds of online courses published in different platform such as YouTube. I have ever watched a series of video which teaches us about a programming language-python; there are totally 500 episodes in that series. I found digital pedagogy very helpful.

However, in “LEARNING IS NOT A MECHANISM”, Stommel raises his concern about digital pedagogy. He worries that this kind of learning pattern will make the process of learning too mechanic.(Stommel 2018) For example, under the control of the system, all the students will do the same things arranged by the system, and they will finish the assignments one by one as scheduled. The outcomes of their learning will be presented in the grade book. In this learning pattern, the students seem to be machines which are finishing the tasks one by one. I was impressive when Stommel argues that learning should be subjective, but the grading process seeks to be more and more objective.(Stommel 2018) I totally agree with Stommel, learning should be a subjective process because everyone has different perspectives about a certain thing, and everyone has their unique experience during their learning. As Stommel mentions in the article, “My response was simple and encouraging, ‘sounds good, stay lost.'” It is quite normal that students feel confused in the journey of learning, and they need time to figure things out and then move on.  There is no need for them to follow the same schedule of learning. Moreover, in “Teaching in blended learning environments: Creating and sustaining communities of inquiry”, Vaughan also examines the role of online learning. He argues that the key of blended learning is to integrate face-to-face and online learning activities. (Vaughan 2013) In other words, online learning should support the students rather than control the students.

But I do not quite understand when Stommel mentions “interchangeable” in the article. Does he mean that every student is unique and can not be replaced?

Reference:

Stommel, J. (2018). An urgency of teachers: The work of critical digital pedagogy. Hybrid Pedagogy.
Vaughan, N. D., Garrison, D. R., & Cleveland-Innes, M. (2013). Teaching in blended learning environments: Creating and sustaining communities of inquiry. AU Press. [Chapter 1]
Regan, P., & Jesse, J. (2019). Ethical challenges of edtech, big data and personalized learning: Twenty-first century student sorting and tracking. Ethics and Information Technology, 21(3), 167-179. DOI: 10.1007/s10676-018-9492-2

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